Server side rendering (SSR)
16.08.2024
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It is a technique in web development where the webpage's content is rendered on the server instead of the client's browser. The primary advantage of SSR lies in its ability to significantly enhance user experience by facilitating faster page transitions and quick loading times.
How does SSR work?
Here's a high-level overview of the SSR process:
- Request: The client (usually a web browser) sends an HTTP request to the server for a specific URL.
- Server-side rendering: The server receives the request and generates the HTML of the page using the requested data. This is typically done using a template engine, such as Handlebars or Pug, and a programming language like Node.js or Ruby.
- HTML generation: The server generates the HTML of the page, including any dynamic content, such as user data or database queries.
- Response: The server sends the generated HTML to the client as an HTTP response.
- Client-side rendering: The client's browser receives the HTML and renders the page. Any additional JavaScript code is executed, and the page is displayed to the user.
Benefits of SSR
- Improved SEO: Search engines can crawl and index the server-generated HTML, improving the website's search engine optimization (SEO).
- Faster page loads: The initial HTML is rendered on the server, reducing the time it takes for the page to load on the client-side.
- Better user experience: Users see the initial content of the page sooner, even if the JavaScript takes a little longer to load.
- Accessibility: SSR can improve accessibility by providing a more complete HTML structure for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Common use cases for SSR
- E-commerce websites: SSR is particularly useful for e-commerce websites, where product information and prices need to be displayed quickly and accurately.
- News websites: News websites often use SSR to display the latest news articles and updates.
- Blogs: Blogs often use SSR to display articles and comments.
- Single-page applications (SPAs): SSR can be used in conjunction with SPAs to provide a better user experience and improve SEO.
Popular frameworks and libraries for SSR
- Next.js: A popular React-based framework for building server-side rendered applications.
- Nuxt.js: A Vue.js-based framework for building server-side rendered applications.
- Gatsby: A React-based framework for building fast, secure, and scalable websites.
- Angular Universal: A framework for building server-side rendered Angular applications.
Challenges and limitations of SSR
- Increased server load: SSR can increase the load on the server, as it needs to generate HTML for each request.
- Complexity: SSR can add complexity to the application, as it requires additional setup and configuration.
- Caching: Caching can be more challenging with SSR, as the server needs to generate HTML for each request.
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